ABSTRACT
The study reviewed current standards of care for IVAD flush maintenance frequency, examined the characteristics of blood from IVADs by aspirating and observing contents prior to flushing when maintenance care is delayed beyond four weeks, and identified whether more research is required to determine optimal IVAD maintenance flush frequency methods: KEYWORDS port maintenance;guideline variations;flushing;oncology;standards of care;biofilm more than two billion intravascular devices, which are widely used in critical patients and patients with cancer, are inserted globally each year (He et al., 2019). Project Procedures A literature review included a search from January 2016 through April 2022 and encompassed current INS, Oncology Nursing Society, National Comprehensive Cancer Network, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines and recommendations for practice, and manufacturer guidance. [...]once the Huber needle was inserted, aspiration was attempted to observe for a brisk blood return.